Issue 3_The Export-Import Bank of China

News

Issue 3

Trump Administration’s Multilateral Cooperation Policy and Its Impact: A Case Study of U.S. Policy Toward the United Nations

Zhang Runyi

　　During President Trump’s second term, U.S. policies on multilateral institutions are veering toward intensified unilateralism and strategic retrenchment. Trump administration seeks to reshape the United Nations system through such tactics as institutional withdrawal, exerting pressures on fiscal policies and reforms, and public opinion manipulation. The policies adopted by the U.S. undermine its own strategic credibility as well as the UN efficiency, adding to the risk of global governance fragmentation. Meanwhile, the commitment to building strength through solidarity is growing among Global South countries. As a staunch upholder of multilateralism, China should better seize the current strategic opportunities, engage more deeply in multilateral governance reform, and enhance its institutional voice, so as to help steer the UN-centered multilateral system towards greater justice and equity.For details, please refer to pages 3-6 of Issue 3 of Overseas Investment & Export Credits, 2026.
　　

China’s Rational and Orderly Cross-border Distribution of Industrial and Supply Chains: Current Situation and Strategies

Jin Xiaoqing, Zhang Yaokun and Yan Meng

　　In recent years, as China accelerates its integration into global industrial and supply chains, the scale and volume of its cross-border investment continues to grow, further consolidating its role as a major global investor. However, held back by inadequate coordination at the industrial level and gaps in corporate capacity, China still needs to upgrade the quality and efficiency of its cross-border layout. It is suggested that China draw on international expertise and facilitate its rational and orderly cross-border distribution of industrial and supply chains by strengthening top-level design, improving service capacity, enhancing risk prevention and control, and deepening regional cooperation.For details, please refer to pages 7-10 of Issue 3 of Overseas Investment & Export Credits, 2026.
　　

Product Carbon Footprint Management in China: Framework, Challenges, and Path Optimization

Guo Xiaoling and Zhang Jiake

　　Amid the sustained improvement of global climate governance and the accelerated restructuring of international rules for green trade, product carbon footprint has evolved from a tool for corporate low-carbon practices into a core indicator for measuring industrial green competitiveness and lifting cross-border carbon barriers. China is gradually establishing its product carbon footprint management framework, while numerous challenges still lie ahead. Developing a scientifically-grounded, well-coordinated and widely-participated product carbon footprint management system that gains international recognition will better support the green transition of China’s economy and global climate governance.For details, please refer to pages 11-14 of Issue 3 of Overseas Investment & Export Credits, 2026.
　　

Evolution of Currencies Used for Commodity Pricing and Settlement— Opportunities for the RMB

Yu Yang

　　The evolution of currencies used for commodity pricing and settlement is influenced by both economic and non-economic factors, but will ultimately depends on global power shifts, which in essence represents an extension of composite national strength into the trade and monetary spheres. As international trade and financial industry grow, dominant currencies for commodity pricing and settlement are diversifying. The RMB plays a disproportionate role in commodity pricing and settlement compared to China’s economic and trade influence. Drawing on past and present as well as theory and practice, this article advocates gradual and market-oriented development with moderate government guidance to steadily expand the international use of the RMB.For details, please refer to pages 15-19 of Issue 3 of Overseas Investment & Export Credits, 2026.
　　

Disclaimer: The articles in this section solely represent the personal views of the author and are not related to the positions of the Export-Import Bank of China.

Practices and Implications of Chinese Enterprises Investing in and Operating Overseas International Airports：A Case Study on Company A’s Overseas Airport Investment

Zhao Hailong

　　With the continuous development of the Belt and Road cooperation, overseas airports have become a key focus for Chinese enterprises in their international expansion. Taking Asset Management Company A as the subject of study, this article systematically reviews its investment cases in Toulouse-Blagnac Airport in France and Tirana International Airport in Albania. It analyzes the investment decision-making logic, operational management strategies, and exit paths of the two projects, distills relevant experience and insights, and provides practical guidance for Chinese enterprises to optimize their overseas airport investment strategies and mitigate cross-border investment risks.For details, please refer to pages 20-24 of Issue 3 of Overseas Investment & Export Credits, 2026.
　　

Impacts of the AfCFTA on Chinese Enterprises’ Investment in Africa and Response Strategies

CHEN Binbin and CHEN Rouyi

　　Since the African Continental Free Trade Agreement (AfCFTA) took effect, it has played a significant role in enhancing the attractiveness of African market. However, its implementation remains constrained by divergent legal regimes, infrastructure gaps, and uneven economic development across member states—factors that also pose challenges for Chinese enterprises seeking to engage in trade and investment in Africa. It is recommended that Chinese enterprises take measures to improve legal coordination, infrastructure development, industrial synergy, management capacity, and institutional participation, so as to actively expand into the African market.For details, please refer to pages 25-29 of Issue 3 of Overseas Investment & Export Credits, 2026.
　　

Disclaimer: The articles in this section solely represent the personal views of the author and are not related to the positions of the Export-Import Bank of China.

Capital Repatriation Paths for Chinese Enterprises Going Global in Countries with Foreign Exchange Controls

HE Yingxin, XIA Chunqiu, CHEN Juan, ZHANG Yuxiao and FU Lun

　　This article analyses the risks and challenges confronting Chinese enterprises going global in capital repatriation from countries with foreign exchange controls, and introduces both conventional and emerging capital repatriation paths. It holds that, at present, capital repatriation should be attended from three dimensions, namely international coordination, financial openness, and regulatory effectiveness, and proposes recommendations for establishing a comprehensive policy support system.For details, please refer to pages 30-34 of Issue 3 of Overseas Investment & Export Credits, 2026.
　　

Characteristics, Root Causes and Countermeasures of Financing-oriented Trade

YIN Jie and JI Hong

　　Financing-oriented trade, which uses trade as a cover with the actual purpose of obtaining financing through the trade process, seriously deviates from the fundamental mandate of financial services to support the real economy, thereby undermining bank asset quality and exacerbating systemic risk accumulation. Financing-oriented trade takes various forms and involves multiple factors including economic development stages, market imperfections, and motivations of market participants. To address financing-oriented trade and promote the healthy and orderly development of trade finance, it is imperative that banks, enterprises, regulatory authorities, and other stakeholders work together to establish a diversified and coordinated governance system.For details, please refer to pages 35-38 of Issue 3 of Overseas Investment & Export Credits, 2026.
　　

Impacts of Green Credit on Banks’ Asset Quality and Policy Recommendations

LIANG Ruisi

　　With continued progress made in the pursuit of carbon peaking and neutrality goals, green credit has become a critical tool to facilitate green transition. Both domestic and international experience, along with regression analysis, indicate a significant negative correlation between the ratio of green credit and that of non-performing loans. The development of green credit will effectively mitigate credit risk and improve asset quality, and this risk-mitigating effect is more pronounced in large state-owned banks and joint-stock banks. Accordingly, this article proposes policy recommendations from the perspectives of banks, enterprises and regulators, with the aim of promoting the high-quality development of green finance.For details, please refer to pages 39-44 of Issue 3 of Overseas Investment & Export Credits, 2026.
　　

Disclaimer: The articles in this section solely represent the personal views of the author and are not related to the positions of the Export-Import Bank of China.

Global Debt Deleveraging from the Perspectives of AI-Driven New Quality Productive Forces and Capitalization of Data Elements

LIU Xin and BI Chao

　　Against the backdrop of persistently high global interest rates and high debt levels, traditional austerity and monetary easing deliver diminishing marginal returns, with debt interest growing faster than economic output. Meanwhile, as AI develops at an accelerated pace and data elements gain prominent value, AI-driven new productive forces and the capitalization of data elements become key drivers of economic growth. The former leverages generative AI and embodied intelligence to enhance production efficiency, expand the overall economy, and thus dilute debt. The latter recognizes eligible data as intangible assets, thus improving the balance sheet structure and easing financing constraints. With deeper integration into the economic and financial system, these two factors will offer important avenues for future global debt governance.For details, please refer to pages 45-48 of Issue 3 of Overseas Investment & Export Credits, 2026.
　　

Disclaimer: The articles in this section solely represent the personal views of the author and are not related to the positions of the Export-Import Bank of China.