Issue 1_The Export-Import Bank of China

News

Issue 1

New Trends in Global Digital Trade Governance and Policy Suggestions

ZHAO Xinquan

　　Global digital trade governance is currently at a critical juncture of rule restructuring, presenting both emerging characteristics and evolving trends, while also facing severe challenges. As a major player in global digital trade, China actively participates in and leads the development of rules, which represents not only a strategic imperative for safeguarding its own development interests but also an embodiment of its responsibility as a major country in the new era. It is essential to accelerate the development of the "Digital Silk Road", bridge the "digital divide", promote the improvement of the global digital trade governance system, and enhance China's discourse power and influence on key issues and frontier areas. For details, please refer to page 3-5 of Issue 1 of Overseas Investment & Export Credits, 2026.
　　

Strategies for China's Outbound Investment Development During the 15th Five-Year Plan Period

WU Fang

　　At present, China's outward direct investment is developing steadily with improving quality and efficiency, providing solid strategic support for the cause of opening-up and Chinese modernization. During the 15th Five-Year Plan period, China's outward investment will face both strategic opportunities as well as risks and challenges. It is necessary to adhere to the principle of openness, cooperation and mutual benefit, and focus on effectively implementing outward investment management, improving comprehensive overseas service systems, guiding rational and orderly cross-border layout of industrial and supply chains, expanding the functions of overseas economic and trade cooperation zones, and strengthening protection of overseas interests. These efforts will promote steady and orderly development of outward investment, contribute more to the mutual reinforcement of domestic and international dual circulations at a higher level, and accelerate the building of a new development paradigm. For details, please refer to page 6-9 of Issue 1 of Overseas Investment & Export Credits, 2026.
　　

Promoting High-Level Opening-Up through High-Quality Belt and Road Cooperation

SONG Lili

　　High-quality Belt and Road cooperation and high-level opening-up together constitute the core strategic framework for connecting China with the rest of the world in the new era. The two are mutually reinforcing and dialectically unified, jointly enhancing China's influence in global governance and forming a mutually reinforcing and assured development pathway. In the new development stage, it is imperative to refine top-level design and coordination mechanisms, create high-standard enabling platforms and carriers, and improve the quality and enabling effectiveness of cooperation in key areas, so as to forge a more resilient interactive mechanism between Belt and Road cooperation and high-level opening-up, and better serve Chinese modernization and the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. For details, please refer to page 10-12 of Issue 1 of Overseas Investment & Export Credits, 2026.
　　

Implementing the Task of Accelerating the Building of a Financial Powerhouse and Advancing Global Financial Governance Reform

WANG Gang, FAN Xingchen, WANG Ruixu and WANG Kairan

　　During the 14th Five-Year Plan period (2021-2025), China has achieved significant results in its participation in global financial governance. During the 15th Five-Year Plan period (2026-2030), China confronts a complex and evolving external environment characterized by both persistent uncertainties and long-term opportunities. Promoting the building of a financial powerhouse and deeply participating in global economic and financial governance form a two-way interaction. This is both the inherent requirement and the practical path for the high-quality development of finance during the 15th Five-Year Plan period. With regard to advancing the reform of global financial governance, China should proactively coordinate efforts across multiple domains, namely monetary system governance, cross-border payment governance, financial stability governance, and institutional governance collaboration, so as to realize a strategic transition from active participation to taking the lead in shaping global financial governance. For details, please refer to page 13-15 of Issue 1 of Overseas Investment & Export Credits, 2026.
　　

International Experiences in Industrial Transfer: A Comparison and China’s Strategic Responses

WANG Xuan and WANG Yijian

　　Industrial transfer is of critical importance to the security and stable development of China’s industrial and supply chains. From an international comparative perspective, this article systematically reviews the experience and lessons of industrial transfer in the United States, Germany, and Japan, and examines the emerging features of China’s current offshoring of manufacturing industry, including the increasing role of non-economic drivers, dual pressures from both domestic and external fronts, technological transformation, domestic constraints, and the international public opinion environment. To effectively address the risks and challenges posed by industrial transfer, the article proposes to advance high-quality development of the manufacturing sector by building an independent and resilient industrial system, strengthening technology-driven development, fostering domestic demand and optimizing global layout. For further details, please refer to page 16–21 of Issue 1 of Overseas Investment & Export Credits, 2026.
　　

Disclaimer: The articles in this section solely represent the personal views of the author and are not related to the positions of the Export-Import Bank of China.

The Efficacy of G20 Global Climate Governance and China’s Role Under the New Situation

ZHANG Jiaolong and BI Zhenzhen

　　At present, global climate change has become increasingly prominent. As an important platform for international cooperation, the G20 has achieved significant results in promoting the establishment of global climate governance norms, advancing the global energy transition, and enhancing the voice of emerging economies. However, the effectiveness of its climate governance has been affected by factors such as adjustments in the U.S. climate policy. Under the new circumstances, China should uphold its own position, anchor itself in multilateral consensus, strengthen pragmatic cooperation, and establish coordination mechanisms, so as to promote development through cooperation and resolve differences through communication, thereby playing a leading role in the global climate governance process. For further details, please refer to page 22–26 of Issue 1 of Overseas Investment & Export Credits, 2026.
　　

The Institutional Framework, Enforcement Mechanisms, and Implications of CPTPP Sustainable Development Rules

XU Cheng

　　Traditional economic and trade agreements have long been characterized by the limitation of “prioritizing economic growth while neglecting social and environmental concerns”. As a representative of the new-generation economic and trade agreements, the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) has begun to systematically embed sustainable development rules related to labor and environmental issues. By anchoring to international standards, clarifying national regulatory authority, promoting corporate social responsibility, and establishing an enforcement framework centered on state-to-state dispute settlement mechanisms, the CPTPP has formed a binding system of sustainable development rules. China can focus on the following three aspects, namely upgrading domestic governance systems, enhancing compliance capacity building, and participating in global rule-making, to align with high-standard international economic and trade rules, achieve high-level opening-up, and translate global governance concepts into domestic governance effectiveness. For details, please refer to page 27-31 of Issue 1 of Overseas Investment & Export Credits, 2026.
　　

Disclaimer: The articles in this section solely represent the personal views of the author and are not related to the positions of the Export-Import Bank of China.

Current Applications of State-Contingent Debt Instruments and Policy Recommendations

LIN Liangliang and ZHANG Bo

　　State-contingent debt instruments are innovative debt instruments that played a positive role in addressing the Latin American debt crisis in the 1990s. Since the emergence of debt distress in developing countries in 2019, state-contingent debt instruments have drawn the attention of various parties, including G20 members, commercial creditors and academia, and have been discussed multiple times at the Global Sovereign Debt Roundtable. They have been successfully applied in the debt restructurings of countries such as Suriname, Zambia, and Sri Lanka, helping relevant parties reached restructuring agreements. This article examines the evolution and limitations of state-contingent debt instruments, and puts forward recommendations for their application, with a view to better protecting China’s rights and interests in debt restructuring and diversifying its external financing instruments. For details, please refer to page 32-35 of Issue 1 of Overseas Investment & Export Credits, 2026.
　　

Disclaimer: The articles in this section solely represent the personal views of the author and are not related to the positions of the Export-Import Bank of China.

Developing Blue Finance to Promote High-Quality Development of the Marine Economy

GONG Bing

　　Blue finance proves to be a key driver for China’s marine economy, which has entered a stage of modernization and high-quality development. This article elaborates on the mechanisms and typical cases of blue finance supporting the marine economy and analyzes the challenges China faces in terms of policy frameworks, financial instruments, market perception and global competition. On this basis, it proposes recommendations to optimize the blue finance system across institutional design, product innovation, capacity building, industrial coordination and international cooperation. For more details, please refer to page 36-39 of Issue 1 of Overseas Investment & Export Credits, 2026.
　　

Disclaimer: The articles in this section solely represent the personal views of the author and are not related to the positions of the Export-Import Bank of China.

Insights on Promoting High-Quality Development of the China-Indochina Peninsula Economic Corridor

LIU Kang

　　The China-Indochina Economic Corridor has yielded positive results in areas such as infrastructure connectivity, economic and trade exchanges, industrial capacity cooperation, and financial cooperation. However, it also faces challenges including regional development imbalances, geopolitical instability, room for improvement in connectivity, a lack of diversity in industrial capacity cooperation modalities, and insufficient allocation of financial resources. It is recommended to deepen the alignment of strategic planning, strengthen infrastructure development, promote economic, trade, and industrial capacity cooperation, and improve multi-level financial cooperation to drive the high-quality development of the Corridor. For more details, please refer to page 40–43 of Issue 1 of Overseas Investment & Export Credits, 2026.
　　

Pathways for Chinese Financial Institutions to Support Small and Beautiful Projects in Developing Countries: A Case Study of Agricultural Equipment Financing in Zimbabwe

ZHU Xuguang

　　Against the backdrop of rising difficulties in sovereign financing for developing countries, how to continue supporting the development of livelihood projects in host countries has become a practical issue worth attention. Taking agricultural equipment financing in Zimbabwe as a case study, this article analyzes the structured financing arrangements featuring multi-party collaboration among the government, financial institutions, suppliers and farmers. It compares the risk-sharing and cash flow anchoring mechanisms of three models: government-led financial leasing, commercial bank financing with limited government guarantee, and deep participation of suppliers. The article aims to provide references for Chinese financial institutions to support small and beautiful livelihood projects under the constraints of sovereign credit. For more details, please refer to Page 44–48 of Issue 1 of Overseas Investment &Export Credits, 2026.
　　

Disclaimer: The articles in this section solely represent the personal views of the author and are not related to the positions of the Export-Import Bank of China.